Ways to get the Portuguese nationality

Discover 5 pathways to Portuguese citizenship: naturalization, marriage, descent, investment, and retirement. Find your best fit with our comprehensive guide.

Moving to Lisbon
November 20, 2024

Portugal has become one of the most popular destinations for immigration in Europe, with a rich history, a warm climate, and a high standard of living. Portugal offers a variety of immigration pathways for those seeking Portuguese nationality. This blog post will explore the various ways to obtain Portuguese nationality, including the requirements and the process involved.

1. Naturalization

Naturalization is the most common way to obtain Portuguese nationality. It is available to those who have lived in Portugal legally for at least five years, with or without a residence permit, and have a good understanding of the Portuguese language and culture. To apply for naturalization, an applicant must meet the following requirements:

  • Be 18 years of age or older
  • Have a clean criminal record
  • Have a stable and sufficient income to support themselves and their family
  • Have paid taxes for the last three years
  • Have a basic knowledge of the Portuguese language
  • Have a basic knowledge of the history, culture, and society of Portugal
  • Have renounced their previous nationality or have a legal provision for dual nationality.

To apply for naturalization, an applicant must submit an application to the Portuguese Immigration and Borders Service (SEF). The application must include various documents, such as a valid passport, proof of legal residence in Portugal, a criminal record certificate, and evidence of sufficient income. The SEF will then evaluate the application and conduct an interview to assess the applicant's language and cultural knowledge.

If the application is approved, the applicant must then attend a citizenship ceremony and take an oath of allegiance to Portugal. After taking the oath, the applicant will receive a Portuguese identity card and become a Portuguese citizen.

2. Marrying a Portuguese National

Another way to obtain Portuguese nationality is by marrying a Portuguese national. Spouses of Portuguese citizens are eligible for citizenship after three years of legal residency in Portugal, provided they can demonstrate a basic knowledge of the Portuguese language and culture. To apply for citizenship by marriage, an applicant must meet the following requirements:

  • Have a valid Portuguese marriage certificate
  • Have legal residency in Portugal for at least three years
  • Have a basic knowledge of the Portuguese language
  • Have a basic knowledge of the history, culture, and society of Portugal
  • Have a clean criminal record.

To apply for citizenship by marriage, an applicant must submit an application to the SEF. The application must include various documents, such as a valid passport, proof of legal residency, a criminal record certificate, and evidence of sufficient income. The SEF will then evaluate the application and conduct an interview to assess the applicant's language and cultural knowledge.

If the application is approved, the applicant must then attend a citizenship ceremony and take an oath of allegiance to Portugal. After taking the oath, the applicant will receive a Portuguese identity card and become a Portuguese citizen.

3. Descendants of Portuguese Citizens

Those who can prove their Portuguese ancestry may also be eligible for Portuguese nationality. This pathway is available to those who have a Portuguese parent or grandparent, even if they were born outside of Portugal. To apply for citizenship as a descendant of a Portuguese citizen, an applicant must meet the following requirements:

  • Have a parent or grandparent who is a Portuguese citizen
  • Have a basic knowledge of the Portuguese language
  • Have a basic knowledge of the history, culture, and society of Portugal
  • Have a clean criminal record.

To apply for citizenship as a descendant of a Portuguese citizen, an applicant must submit an application to the Portuguese consulate in their country of residence. The application must include various documents, such as birth certificates, marriage certificates, and proof of Portuguese ancestry. The consulate will then evaluate the application and conduct an interview to assess the applicant's language and cultural knowledge.

If the application is approved, the applicant will receive a Portuguese passport and become a Portuguese citizen.

4. Investment

Portugal offers a Golden Visa program that allows investors to obtain residency and eventually citizenship in Portugal by investing in the country's economy. The Golden Visa program is available to those who make a qualifying investment in Portugal, such as buying property, investing in a business, or creating jobs. The minimum investment required is €500,000.

To apply for the golden visa program, an applicant must meet the following requirements:

  • Make a qualifying investment in Portugal
  • Have a clean criminal record
  • Have sufficient income to support themselves and their family.

Once an applicant has obtained a golden visa, they can apply for Portuguese nationality after five years of legal residency in Portugal. To apply for nationality, the applicant must meet the same requirements as those for naturalization, including a basic knowledge of the Portuguese language and culture.

5. Retirement

Retirees can also obtain Portuguese nationality by demonstrating they have the means to support themselves and their dependents. To apply for Portuguese nationality as a retiree, an applicant must meet the following requirements:

  • Have a stable and sufficient income to support themselves and their family
  • Have a clean criminal record
  • Have legal residency in Portugal for at least five years
  • Have a basic knowledge of the Portuguese language
  • Have a basic knowledge of the history, culture, and society of Portugal.

To apply for Portuguese nationality as a retiree, an applicant must submit an application to the SEF. The application must include various documents, such as proof of income, a criminal record certificate, and evidence of legal residency. The SEF will then evaluate the application and conduct an interview to assess the applicant's language and cultural knowledge.

If the application is approved, the applicant must then attend a citizenship ceremony and take an oath of allegiance to Portugal. After taking the oath, the applicant will receive a Portuguese identity card and become a Portuguese citizen.

Portugal offers a variety of immigration pathways for those seeking Portuguese nationality, including naturalization, marriage, descent, investment, and retirement. Each pathway has its own requirements and process, but all share the basic requirement of a basic knowledge of the Portuguese language and culture, as well as a clean criminal record.

If you are planning to become a Portuguese national through immigration, it is important to carefully review the requirements and process for each pathway to determine which is the best fit for your situation. You may also want to consult with an immigration lawyer or advisor to help you navigate the process and ensure that you meet all the necessary requirements. With persistence and dedication, you can achieve your goal of becoming a Portuguese citizen and enjoying all the benefits that come with it.

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